До прихода Горбачева к власти об экономическом крахе СССР открыто говорили на западе. Тогда об этом в СССР слышать не хотели. Это западная пропаганда.
Обращение Рейгана к конгрессу в июне 1982г.
In an ironic sense Karl Marx was right. We are witnessing today a great revolutionary crisis, a crisis where the demands of the economic order are conflicting directly with those of the political order. But the crisis is happening not in the free, non-Marxist West but in the home of Marxism- Leninism, the Soviet Union. It is the Soviet Union that runs against the tide of history by denying human freedom and human dignity to its citizens. It also is in deep economic difficulty. The rate of growth in the national product has been steadily declining since the fifties and is less than half of what it was then.
The dimensions of this failure are astounding: a country which employs one-fifth of its population in agriculture is unable to feed its own people. Were it not for the private sector, the tiny private sector tolerated in Soviet agriculture, the country might be on the brink of famine. These private plots occupy a bare 3 percent of the arable land but account for nearly one-quarter of Soviet farm output and nearly one-third of meat products and vegetables. Overcentralised, with little or no incentives, year after year the Soviet system pours its best resources into the making of instruments of destruction. The constant shrinkage of economic growth combined with the growth of military production is putting a heavy strain on the Soviet people. What we see here is a political structure that no longer corresponds to its economic base, a society where productive forced are hampered by political ones.
The decay of the Soviet experiment should come as no surprise to us. Wherever the comparisons have been made between free and closed societies -- West Germany and East Germany, Austria and Czechoslovakia, Malaysia and Vietnam -- it is the democratic countries that are prosperous and responsive to the needs of their people. And one of the simple but overwhelming facts of our time is this: of all the millions of refugees we've seen in the modern world, their flight is always away from, not toward the Communist world. Today on the NATO line, our military forces face east to prevent a possible invasion. On the other side of the line, the Soviet forces also face east to prevent their people from leaving.
Неудачная война в Афганистане послужила причиной больших волнений и перемен в стране. В начале века в России революции происходили после поражений от Японии в русско-японской войне, и затем первой мировой войны.
Горбачев соединил Германию, при нем вывели войска из Афганистана. Он начал крупные реформы в политической системе страны и остановил гонку вооружений. За это его уважают во всем мире. Люди пережившие социальные и экономические потрясения в стране во всем винят Горбачева, и их понять можно.
. Дюже хочется узнать про основные причины развала СССР. Особенно про соотношение объемов денежной массы в коооперативном и скажем космическом хозяйствах в году этак в 1987. 