alex67 wrote:Newport wrote:5555 wrote:меня не перстают удивлять:
- сидит народ в интернете придуманом американцами, стучит по клавиатуре- придуманной американцами, пользуется компютером -придуманым американцами, и так далее и тому подобное, и все исключительно для того что б расказать живущим в Америке, какие американцы неправильные и одноклеточное. Ах да, и что живут американцы в долг
.
Компьютеры придумывали инженеры в капиталистических американских компаниях.
Вот еще одно великолепное доказательство дремучего невежества представителей "исключительной нации". Даже два доказательства.
Интернет придумали в Швейцарии, а компьютеры придумывали и в России, и в Германии, и в Англии, во всех развитых странах.
Может кто что и придумывал, кто знает, а вот идеи и осуществление идеи случилось в США, исключительно среди таких нелюбимых всеми патриотами "ДЕРМОКРАТОВ" в СА. А почему, спросите себя? не в Алабаме и не в СССР?
Main articles: History of the Internet and History of the World Wide Web
Research into packet switching started in the early 1960s,[15] and packet switched networks such as the ARPANET, CYCLADES,[16][17] the Merit Network,[18] NPL network,[19] Tymnet, and Telenet, were developed in the late 1960s and 1970s using a variety of protocols.[20] The ARPANET project led to the development of protocols for internetworking, by which multiple separate networks could be joined into a single network of networks.[21] ARPANET development began with two network nodes which were interconnected between the Network Measurement Center at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science directed by Leonard Kleinrock, and the NLS system at SRI International (SRI) by Douglas Engelbart in Menlo Park, California, on 29 October 1969.[22] The third site was the Culler-Fried Interactive Mathematics Center at the University of California, Santa Barbara, followed by the University of Utah Graphics Department. In an early sign of future growth, fifteen sites were connected to the young ARPANET by the end of 1971.[23][24] These early years were documented in the 1972 film Computer Networks: The Heralds of Resource Sharing.
Early international collaborations on the ARPANET were rare. European developers were concerned with developing the X.25 networks.[25] Notable exceptions were the Norwegian Seismic Array (NORSAR) in June 1973, followed in 1973 by Sweden with satellite links to the Tanum Earth Station and Peter T. Kirstein's research group in the United Kingdom, initially at the Institute of Computer Science, University of London and later at University College London.[26][27][28] In December 1974, RFC 675 (Specification of Internet Transmission Control Program), by Vinton Cerf, Yogen Dalal, and Carl Sunshine, used the term internet as a shorthand for internetworking and later RFCs repeated this use.[29] Access to the ARPANET was expanded in 1981 when the National Science Foundation (NSF) funded the Computer Science Network (CSNET). In 1982, the Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) was standardized, which permitted worldwide proliferation of interconnected networks.
T3 NSFNET Backbone, c. 1992.
TCP/IP network access expanded again in 1986 when the National Science
-Иn the late 1950s early networks of computers included the military radar system Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE).
-In 1959 Anatolii Ivanovich Kitov proposed to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union a detailed plan for the re-organisation of the control of the Soviet armed forces and of the Soviet economy on the basis of a network of computing centres.[2]
I-n 1960 the commercial airline reservation system semi-automatic business research environment (SABRE) went online with two connected mainframes.
-In 1962 J.C.R. Licklider developed a working group he called the "Intergalactic Computer Network", a precursor to the ARPANET, at the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA).
In 1964 researchers at Dartmouth College developed the Dartmouth Time Sharing System for distributed users of large computer systems. The same year, at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, a research group supported by General Electric and Bell Labs used a computer to route and manage telephone connections.
Throughout the 1960s, Leonard Kleinrock, Paul Baran, and Donald Davies independently developed network systems that used packets to transfer information between computers over a network.
In 1965, Thomas Marill and Lawrence G. Roberts created the first wide area network (WAN). This was an immediate precursor to the ARPANET, of which Roberts became program manager.
Joseph Carl Robnett Licklider (/ˈlɪklaɪdər/; March 11, 1915 – June 26, 1990), known simply as J. C. R. or "Lick", was an American psychologist[1] and computer scientist who is considered one of the most important figures in computer science and general computing history.
He is particularly remembered for being one of the first to foresee modern-style interactive computing and its application to all manner of activities; and also as an Internet pioneer with an early vision of a worldwide computer network long before it was built. He did much to actually initiate this by funding research which led to much of it, including today's canonical graphical user interface, and the ARPANET, the direct predecessor to the Internet.
