vovap wrote:late_morning_girl wrote:vovap wrote:Интересно. И что же конкретно принесли "звездные войны"?
Internet.
Да бросьте.
Даже ARPANET созданная еще в 1968 первоначально была ARPA и университетами а не армией, как принято считать:
http://www.dei.isep.ipp.pt/docs/arpa--1.html
CSNET был создан National Science Foundation и университетами. в 1981.(http://www.davesite.com/webstation/net-history2.shtml) В основе всего была необходимость взаимодействия университетов. Так что причем тут звездные войны? Деньги вкладывали в науку? Так слава богу - это не единственный способ. (и в основе ARPANET лежит, как можно видеть, космическая а не военная программа)
Ага,очень хорошо можно видеть...
"The Defense Supply Service - Washington (DSS-W) agreed to be a procurement agent for ARPA. At the end of July the Request for Quotation for network IMPs was mailed to 140 potential bidders who had expressed interest in receiving it. Approximately 100 people from 51 companies attended a subsequent bidders' conference. Twelve proposals were actually received by DSS_W comprising 6.6 edge-feet of paper and presenting an awesome evaluation task for IPT, which more normally awards contracts on a sole source basis. Attempting to evaluate the proposals "strictly by the book", an ARPA-appointed evaluation committee retired to Monterey, California, to carry out their task. ARPA was pleasantly surprised that several of the respondents believed that they could construct a network which performed as much as a factor of five better than the delay constraint given in the RFQ..." (ARPA draft, III-35)
Вы, ей Богу, прям как ребенок. Вы студент, наверное? раз не знаете, что стоит за "создано в университете", когда дело касается хотя бы слегка серьезных разработок, выходящих за пределы liberal arts...
In late 1966 Roberts went to DARPA to develop the computer network concept and quickly put together his plan for the "ARPANET", publishing it in 1967. At the conference where he presented the paper, there was also a paper on a packet network concept from the UK by Donald Davies and Roger Scantlebury of NPL. Scantlebury told Roberts about the NPL work as well as that of Paul Baran and others at RAND. The RAND group had written a paper on packet switching networks for secure voice in the military in 1964. It happened that the work at MIT (1961-1967), at RAND (1962-1965), and at NPL (1964-1967) had all proceeded in parallel without any of the researchers knowing about the other work. The word "packet" was adopted from the work at NPL and the proposed line speed to be used in the ARPANET design was upgraded from 2.4 kbps to 50 kbps. 5
In August 1968, after Roberts and the DARPA funded community had refined the overall structure and specifications for the ARPANET, an RFQ was released by DARPA for the development of one of the key components, the packet switches called Interface Message Processors (IMP's). The RFQ was won in December 1968 by a group headed by Frank Heart at Bolt Beranek and Newman (BBN). As the BBN team worked on the IMP's with Bob Kahn playing a major role in the overall ARPANET architectural design, the network topology and economics were designed and optimized by Roberts working with Howard Frank and his team at Network Analysis Corporation, and the network measurement system was prepared by Kleinrock's team at UCLA. 6
